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| Crystal structure of cured and dried plates: |
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| Stacks of positive plates had been cured and dried within 3 hours in our CONCURE test chamber. Process time: 1 h steaming and 2 h drying. TBLS+ generates small 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of less than 10 µm. Furthermore the medium size of the 4 basic lead sulphate crystals can be controlled by the amount of added slurry (Fig. M1 to M3). A very narrow distribution of crystal sizes will be obtained. Different to this curing and drying without add of TBLS+ (Fig. M4) gives rise for well known large 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of up to 50 µm and more with a wide distribution of crystal sizes. |
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| Fig. M1: Electron microscope picture of 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of a positive plate by add of 0.5% of slurry of TBLS+. The 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of medium 10 µm exhibit a very narrow distribution. |
Fig. M2: Electron microscope picture of 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of a positive plate by add of 1.5% of slurry of TBLS+. The 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of medium 5-7 µm exhibit a very narrow distribution. |
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| Fig. M3: Electron microscope picture of 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of a positive plate by add of 3.0% of slurry of TBLS+. The 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of medium 3-5 µm exhibit a very narrow distribution. |
Fig. M4: Electron microscope picture of 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of a positive plate without add of TBLS+. |
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| TBLS+ (Fig. M5) allows curing to small sized 4 basic lead sulphate crystals in common curing and drying chambers. Examples of a positive plate cured and dried in common chambers at temperatures below 60°C to small sized 3 basic lead sulphate crystals (Fig. M6) are shown. |
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| Fig. M5: Electron microscope picture of 4 basic lead sulphate crystals of a positive plate by add of 3.0% of slurry of TBLS+. The plates had been cured for 24 hours and dried for about 60 hours. Differences to Fig. M3 clearly show the advantages of the CONCURE technology when it comes to homogenity as well as crystal size distribution. |
Fig. M6: For comparision electron microscope picture of 3 basic lead sulphate crystals of a negative plate cured and dried in a common chamber. A scale bar of 3 µm is shown. |
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